.OBJ

Wavefront OBJ

Introduction

OBJ is a plain text format for 3D geometry, created by Wavefront Technologies for its Advanced Visualizer software. It lists vertex positions, texture coordinates and normals, then builds polygons from them. Because it is simple and readable, almost every 3D program can import and export it.

Materials live in a separate material library file (.mtl) that the OBJ file names. The extension .obj is also used for compiled object files made by Windows compilers, which are a different format entirely.

Software

Structure

An OBJ file is a list of lines, each starting with a keyword. v gives a vertex position, vt a texture coordinate and vn a normal. f makes a face from vertex numbers, counted from 1 in the order the vertices appear, each optionally followed by its texture coordinate and normal numbers as v/vt/vn. Negative numbers count back from the latest vertex. o and g name objects and groups, mtllib names the material library, usemtl picks a material for the faces that follow, and # starts a comment.

# a single textured square
mtllib square.mtl
o Square
v 0 0 0
v 1 0 0
v 1 1 0
v 0 1 0
vt 0 0
vt 1 0
vt 1 1
vt 0 1
vn 0 0 1
usemtl Paint
f 1/1/1 2/2/1 3/3/1 4/4/1
A square made of four vertices and one face.

See also

Other formats that use the same extension: